Skip to main content Module math Copy item path Source MathError Structured error type for math/linear algebra operations. __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ABS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ACOS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ACOSH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_APPEND 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ARG 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ARRAY_IND 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ASIN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ASINH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_AS_COMPLEX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ATAN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ATAN2 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ATANH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BESSEL_J 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BESSEL_Y 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BETA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_AND 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_NOT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_OR 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_SHIFT_L 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_SHIFT_R 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_BITW_XOR 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CBRT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CEILING 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CHOL 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CHOOSE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COEF 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COL 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COL_MEANS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COL_SUMS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COMBN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COMPLEX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CONJ 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_COSH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CROSSPROD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMALL 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMANY 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMMAX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMMIN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMPROD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_CUMSUM 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_DET 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_DIAG 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_DIFF 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_DIGAMMA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_DROPLEVELS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_EIGEN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_EXP 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_EXPM1 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_FACTORIAL 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_FLOOR 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_GAMMA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_HEAD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_HYPOT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_IM 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_IS_COMPLEX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_KRONECKER 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LBETA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LGAMMA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LOG 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LOG2 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LOG1P 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LOG10 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_LOWER_TRI 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_MAX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_MEAN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_MEDIAN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_MIN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_MOD_COMPLEX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_NORM 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ORDER 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_PMAX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_PMIN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_PROD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_QR 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_QUANTILE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_RANGE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_RANK 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_RE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_REP 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_REP_INT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_REP_LEN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_REV 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ROUND 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ROW 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ROW_MEANS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_ROW_SUMS 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SEQ 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SEQ_ALONG 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SEQ_LEN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SIGN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SIGNIF 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SIN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SINH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SLICE_INDEX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SOLVE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SORT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SORT_UNIQUE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SQRT 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SUM 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SVD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_SWEEP 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_T 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TAIL 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TAN 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TANH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TCROSSPROD 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TRIGAMMA 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_TRUNC 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_UNIQUE 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_UPPER_TRI 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_VAR 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_WHICH 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_WHICH_MAX 🔒 __BUILTIN_REG_BUILTIN_WHICH_MIN 🔒 __INTERP_REG_INTERP_LM 🔒 __INTERP_REG_INTERP_SUMMARY_LM 🔒 apply_length_out_cloneable 🔒 Truncate or cycle-extend a Vec<T: Clone> to the requested length.out. array2_to_rvalue 🔒 Convert an ndarray Array2 back to an RValue matrix bitwise_binary_op 🔒 bitwise_binary_op_fallible 🔒 builtin_abs 🔒 Absolute value. builtin_acos 🔒 Inverse cosine (arc cosine). builtin_acosh 🔒 Inverse hyperbolic cosine. builtin_append 🔒 Append elements to a vector. builtin_arg 🔒 Argument (phase angle) of complex numbers, in radians. builtin_array_ind 🔒 Convert linear indices to array (row, col) subscripts. builtin_as_complex 🔒 Coerce to complex type. builtin_asin 🔒 Inverse sine (arc sine). builtin_asinh 🔒 Inverse hyperbolic sine. builtin_atan 🔒 Inverse tangent (arc tangent). builtin_atan2 🔒 Two-argument inverse tangent. builtin_atanh 🔒 Inverse hyperbolic tangent. builtin_bessel_j 🔒 Bessel function of the first kind, J_nu(x). builtin_bessel_y 🔒 Bessel function of the second kind, Y_nu(x). builtin_beta 🔒 Beta function: gamma(a) * gamma(b) / gamma(a + b). builtin_bitw_and 🔒 Bitwise AND. builtin_bitw_not 🔒 Bitwise NOT (ones’ complement). builtin_bitw_or 🔒 Bitwise OR. builtin_bitw_shift_l 🔒 Bitwise left shift. builtin_bitw_shift_r 🔒 Bitwise right shift. builtin_bitw_xor 🔒 Bitwise XOR. builtin_cbrt 🔒 Cube root. builtin_ceiling 🔒 Ceiling (smallest integer not less than x). builtin_chol 🔒 chol(x) — Cholesky decomposition (upper triangular R such that x = R’R).builtin_choose 🔒 Binomial coefficient: choose(n, k) = n! / (k! * (n - k)!). builtin_coef 🔒 Extract coefficients from a model object. builtin_col 🔒 Return a matrix of column indices (same dim as input, each element = its column number). builtin_col_means 🔒 Mean of each column of a matrix or data frame. builtin_col_sums 🔒 Sum of each column of a matrix or data frame. builtin_combn 🔒 All combinations of n elements taken k at a time. builtin_complex 🔒 Construct complex numbers from real and imaginary parts. builtin_conj 🔒 Complex conjugate. builtin_cos 🔒 Cosine (in radians). builtin_cosh 🔒 Hyperbolic cosine. builtin_crossprod 🔒 crossprod(x, y) = t(x) %*% y builtin_cumall 🔒 Cumulative all: TRUE while all preceding elements are TRUE. builtin_cumany 🔒 Cumulative any: TRUE once any preceding element is TRUE. builtin_cummax 🔒 Cumulative maximum. builtin_cummin 🔒 Cumulative minimum. builtin_cumprod 🔒 Cumulative product. builtin_cumsum 🔒 Cumulative sum. builtin_det 🔒 det(x) — matrix determinant via LU decomposition.builtin_diag 🔒 Diagonal of a matrix, or construct a diagonal matrix. builtin_diff 🔒 Lagged differences. builtin_digamma 🔒 Digamma function (psi function): the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function. builtin_droplevels 🔒 Drop unused factor levels. builtin_eigen 🔒 eigen(x) — Eigenvalue decomposition via nalgebra.builtin_exp 🔒 Exponential function (e^x). builtin_expm1 🔒 Numerically stable exp(x) - 1. builtin_factorial 🔒 Factorial: n! = 1 * 2 * … * n. builtin_floor 🔒 Floor (largest integer not greater than x). builtin_gamma 🔒 Gamma function. builtin_head 🔒 Return the first n elements of a vector. builtin_hypot 🔒 Euclidean distance: sqrt(x^2 + y^2) without overflow. builtin_im 🔒 Extract the imaginary part of complex numbers. builtin_is_complex 🔒 Test if an object is of complex type. builtin_kronecker 🔒 Kronecker product of two matrices (or vectors treated as single-column matrices). builtin_lbeta 🔒 Natural logarithm of the beta function. builtin_lgamma 🔒 Natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function. builtin_log 🔒 Logarithm. With one argument, computes the natural log. With a second
positional argument or named base argument, computes log in that base
via the change-of-base formula: log(x, base) = ln(x) / ln(base). builtin_log2 🔒 Base-2 logarithm. builtin_log1p 🔒 Numerically stable log(1 + x). builtin_log10 🔒 Base-10 logarithm. builtin_lower_tri 🔒 Lower triangle of a matrix. builtin_max 🔒 Maximum value across all arguments. builtin_mean 🔒 Arithmetic mean. builtin_median 🔒 Median value. builtin_min 🔒 Minimum value across all arguments. builtin_mod_complex 🔒 Modulus (absolute value) of complex numbers. builtin_norm 🔒 norm(x, type = "O") — matrix/vector norm.builtin_order 🔒 Permutation which rearranges a vector into ascending order. builtin_pmax 🔒 Parallel (element-wise) maximum across vectors. builtin_pmin 🔒 Parallel (element-wise) minimum across vectors. builtin_prod 🔒 Product of all elements. builtin_qr 🔒 qr(x) — QR decomposition via nalgebra’s column-pivoted QR.builtin_quantile 🔒 Sample quantiles. builtin_range 🔒 Range (minimum and maximum) of all values. builtin_rank 🔒 Return the ranks of values in a numeric vector. builtin_re 🔒 Extract the real part of complex numbers. builtin_rep 🔒 Replicate elements of a vector. builtin_rep_int 🔒 Replicate elements a specified number of times. builtin_rep_len 🔒 Replicate elements to a specified length. builtin_rev 🔒 Reverse a vector. builtin_round 🔒 Round to the specified number of decimal places using IEEE 754
round-half-to-even (banker’s rounding): when the fractional part is
exactly 0.5, round to the nearest even number. builtin_row 🔒 Return a matrix of row indices (same dim as input, each element = its row number). builtin_row_means 🔒 Mean of each row of a matrix or data frame. builtin_row_sums 🔒 Sum of each row of a matrix or data frame. builtin_sd 🔒 Sample standard deviation (square root of var). builtin_seq 🔒 Generate a regular sequence. builtin_seq_along 🔒 Generate 1:length(along.with) as an integer vector. builtin_seq_len 🔒 Generate 1:n as an integer vector. builtin_sign 🔒 Sign of each element (-1, 0, or 1). builtin_signif 🔒 Round to the specified number of significant digits. builtin_sin 🔒 Sine (in radians). builtin_sinh 🔒 Hyperbolic sine. builtin_slice_index 🔒 Return an array of indices along a specified margin. builtin_solve 🔒 solve(a, b) — solve linear system or compute matrix inverse via LU decomposition.builtin_sort 🔒 Sort a vector. builtin_sort_unique 🔒 miniR extension: single-pass sorted unique using BTreeSet.
Faster than sort(unique(x)) for large vectors. builtin_sqrt 🔒 Square root. builtin_sum 🔒 Sum of all elements. builtin_svd 🔒 svd(x) — Singular Value Decomposition via nalgebra’s bidiagonal SVD.builtin_sweep 🔒 Sweep a summary statistic from each row or column of a matrix. builtin_t 🔒 t(x) — matrix transpose.builtin_tail 🔒 Return the last n elements of a vector. builtin_tan 🔒 Tangent (in radians). builtin_tanh 🔒 Hyperbolic tangent. builtin_tcrossprod 🔒 tcrossprod(x, y) = x %*% t(y) builtin_trigamma 🔒 Trigamma function: the derivative of the digamma function. builtin_trunc 🔒 Truncation (round toward zero). builtin_unique 🔒 Remove duplicate elements, preserving first occurrence order. builtin_upper_tri 🔒 Upper triangle of a matrix. builtin_var 🔒 Sample variance (Bessel-corrected, divides by n-1). builtin_which 🔒 Indices of TRUE elements. builtin_which_max 🔒 Index of the maximum element. builtin_which_min 🔒 Index of the minimum element. collect_additive_terms 🔒 Recursively collect symbol names from additive terms (x1 + x2 + x3). df_column_doubles 🔒 Extract a named column from a data frame (RList) as a Vec<Option>. digamma_f64 🔒 Compute digamma(x) using asymptotic expansion and recurrence. dmatrix_to_rvalue 🔒 Convert a nalgebra DMatrix back to an RValue matrix. eval_kronecker Evaluate the %x% (Kronecker product) operator. eval_kronecker_with_fn 🔒 interp_lm 🔒 Fit a linear model using ordinary least squares. interp_summary_lm 🔒 Print a summary of a linear model. kronecker_dims_and_data 🔒 Extract matrix dimensions from a value, treating plain vectors as column vectors. math_binary 🔒 Helper for binary math builtins: applies (f64, f64) -> f64 element-wise
with recycling. matrix_dimnames 🔒 matrix_dims 🔒 Helper: extract matrix dimensions (nrow, ncol) from any matrix-like object. matrix_dims_and_data 🔒 Helper: extract matrix dimensions and data as doubles. parallel_minmax 🔒 parse_formula_terms 🔒 Extract the response and predictor names from a formula expression. partition_na_doubles 🔒 Separate non-NA f64 values from NA count. partition_na_options 🔒 Separate non-NA Option values from NA count for Clone types. reassemble_with_na 🔒 Reassemble sorted non-NA values with NAs placed according to na_last. rep_each_then_times 🔒 Repeat each element each times, then repeat the whole result times times. rep_each_then_times_copy 🔒 Same as rep_each_then_times but for Copy types (Raw/u8). rep_vector 🔒 Helper: replicate a vector with each, times, and optional length.out. round_half_to_even 🔒 IEEE 754 round-half-to-even: if the fractional part is exactly 0.5,
round to the nearest even integer. Otherwise round normally. rvalue_to_array2 🔒 Convert an RValue to an ndarray Array2 (column-major) rvalue_to_dmatrix 🔒 Convert an RValue matrix to a nalgebra DMatrix (column-major — zero-copy reorder). set_matrix_attrs 🔒 solve_linear_system 🔒 Solve a linear system A * x = b using Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting.
A must be square (ncol x ncol), b must have length ncol. tri_matrix 🔒 trigamma_f64 🔒 Compute trigamma(x) using asymptotic expansion and recurrence. DimNameVec 🔒 MatrixDimNames 🔒